The human relations approach free essay sample

Even if organizations have the same objectives as culture but they tend to be different. An organization is a social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals. All organizations have a management structure that determines relationships between the different activities and the members, and subdivides and assigns roles, responsibilities, and authority to carry out different tasks. Organizations are open systems they affect and are affected by their environment. Charles Handy (1976) and Roger Harrison (1972) with linking organizational structure to organizational culture. They described four types of culture in organization: Power culture Concentrates power among a small group or a central figure and its control is radiating from its center like a web. Power cultures need only a few rules and little bureaucracy but swift in decisions can ensue. Role culture These organizations form hierarchical bureaucracies, where power derives from the personal position and rarely from an expert power. We will write a custom essay sample on The human relations approach or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Control is made by  procedures which are highly valued, strict roles descriptions and authority definitions. These organizations have consistent systems and are very predictable. This culture is often represented by a Roman Building having pillars. These pillars represent the functional departments. Task culture Power is derived from the team with the expertise to execute against a task. This culture uses a small team approach, where people are highly skilled and specialized in their own area of expertise. These often feature the multiple reporting lines seen in a matrix structure. Person culture This type of culture serves the individual. However some professional partnerships operate well as person cultures, because each partner brings a particular expertise and clientele to the firm. b) Formulation of strategy is important to the success of organizational objectives. Explain your understanding of the acronym SWOT, and at least 4 advantages of why strategy is important to an organization. SWOT: A tool that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization. Specifically, SWOT is a basic, straightforward model that assesses what an organization can and cannot do as well as its potential opportunities and threats. The method of SWOT analysis is to take the information from an environmental analysis and separate it into internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external issues (opportunities and threats). Once this is completed, SWOT analysis determines what may assist the firm in accomplishing its objectives, and what obstacles must be overcome or minimized to achieve desired results. Four advantages of why strategy is important to an organization: I. It provides a framework of decision making. II. Provides an Organizational Perspective. III. Enables measurement of progress. IV. Contributes to the clarification and understanding of the mission and the purpose of the organization. c) i. Explore the concept of Bureaucracy, and mention its merits and demerits. Bureaucracy: Is specific form of organization defined by complexity, division of labour, permanence, professional management, hierarchical coordination and control, strict chain of command, and legal authority. It is distinguished from informal and collegial organizations. In its ideal form, bureaucracy is impersonal and rational and based on rules rather than ties of kinship, friendship, or patrimonial or charismatic authority. Bureaucratic organization can be found in both public and private institutions. Merits i. The higher managers are responsible for the acts of their subordinates. ii. The authority and responsibility should be delegated as far down the hierarchical line as objectively possible.